RUFF: значение слова

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Merriam-Webster's Collegiate® Dictionary, 11th Edition

RUFF



I. noun or ruffe
Etymology: Middle English ruf
Date: 15th century
a small freshwater European perch ( Acerina cernua ),

II. noun
Etymology: probably back-formation from ruffle
Date: 1555
a large round collar of pleated muslin or linen worn by men and women of the late 16th and early 17th centuries, a fringe or frill of long hairs or feathers growing around or on the neck of an animal, a common Eurasian sandpiper ( Philomachus pugnax ) whose male during the breeding season has a large ruff of erectile feathers on the neck, ruffed adjective

III. verb
Etymology: Middle French roffler
Date: 1598
intransitive verb to take a trick with a trump, transitive verb to play a trump on (a card previously led or played),

IV. noun
Date: circa 1828
the act of trumping